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Exercises

Translate from Predicate Calculus to English, or vice versa

  1. $\forall x Location(x, Antarctica) \rightarrow Temperature(x,Cold)$
    English meaning: ___________________
  2. $\forall x Red(x) \wedge Apple(x)$
    English meaning:___________________
  3. ___________________
    English meaning: There are some red apples
  4. ___________________
    English meaning: All apples are red
  5. $\exists x Apple(x) \vee Pear(x)$
    English meaning: ___________________
  6. $Ruler(Caesar)$
    English meaning: ___________________
  7. $\forall x Pompeian(x) \rightarrow Roman(x) $
    English meaning: ___________________
  8. ___________________
    English meaning: All Romans were either loyal to Caesar or they hated him.
  9. $Erupted(volcano, 79) \wedge \forall x Pompeian(x) \rightarrow Died(x,79)$
    English meaning: ___________________
  10. $\forall x \forall t1 \forall t2 Mortal(x) \wedge Born(x,t1) \wedge GreaterThan(t2-t1,150) \rightarrow \ Dead(x,t2)$
    English meaning: ___________________
  11. ___________________
    English meaning: All Romans who know Marcus either hate Caesar or think that anyone who hates anyone is crazy.
  12. ___________________
    English meaning: Marcus was born in 40 A.D.



Randy Latimer 2001-01-02